The Phœnician origin of Britons, Scots & Anglo-Saxons : discovered by Phœnician & Sumerian inscriptions in Britain, by preroman Briton coins & a mass of new history : with over one hundred illustrations and maps

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BRUTUS GIVES PH@ENICIAN PLACE-NAMES 173

already mentioned. That Cilician city was called by the Greco-Byzantines ‘‘ Marasion,”* thus disclosing the HittoPheenician original and source of the Marazion or Marasion in Cornwall. Again, the river which divided Corineus’ province from that of Brutus is named Tamar, which name is presumably derived from the ‘‘ Tamyras” or “‘ Damour,” the name of a chief river between Sidon and Beirut in Phoenicia. Near the Hoe at Plymouth also, the traditional site where Corineus pitched down the “‘ giant” chief, we have “ Catti-water ** and the old place-name of “ Catte-down,” which presumably represents either the ‘‘ Down of the Caffe ” or an older ‘‘ Catte Dun ” or “ Fort of the Catti,”’ wherein “ Catti,” withits variant “ Cad,” was, as we have seen, a favourite title of the ruling Barat Pheenicians. And of similar Barat significance seem the names of the old “ Cliff Castles’ of the Britons in Cornwall, called “ Caddon ” and ‘‘ Castle Gotha,’ near Phcebe’s Point at St. Austell. Similarly, from Totnes to the Thames the coast is studded with such Asia Minor and Hellenic names. The promontory outside the bay of Totnes was called by the Romans, who preserved and latinized most of the old pre-Roman Briton names, ““ Hellenis”’ (the modern Berry Head), thus preserving an old Briton name of ‘“‘ Hellenis,’’ which is presumably a souvenir of the ‘“‘ Helloi ” or Helleni tribe of the Hellenes in Epirus, whence Brutus sailed with his bride. The next large river on the way to the Thames is the modern Exe, called by the Romans under its old Briton name of ‘‘ Jsca,’”’ also written ‘‘ Sca’’? which presumably preserves the old sacred name of the river of Troy,? the Sca-mander or Xanthus. That the front name “ Seca” was a separate and superadded name, and possibly a contraction of ‘‘ Ascanios,” seems evident from the modern river being called merely “ Mendere.” For the Sca-mander (or Sca-mandros of Homer) was presumably also called “ Asc-anios.’’* This title therefore of ‘‘ Isca,”’ for the Exe,

1See R.H.G., 279; MH.A., 263. It is called “‘ Marasin” by later Byzantine ecclesiastic writers.

2Its fort is called, in the 12th Itinerary of Antoninus, ‘‘ Sca Diumnunnorium ”’ as well as “ Jsca Dumunnorium.” See C.B.G., cxxvi.

3 Homer calls it “ divine ’’ (dios), Iliad, 12, 21.

* Strabo cites Euphorion (681: 14, 5, 29) as saying: ‘‘ near the waters of the Mysian Ascanios.’”’ Mysia is the province in which Troy and the Troad are situated ; and Apollodorus speaks of ‘‘ a village of Mysia called Ascania near a lake of the same name, out of which issues the river A scanios” (Strabo ibid.) ; and the Sca-mander issues from a lake-cavern on Mt. Ida (see M.H.A., 69). This specification of ‘‘ Mysia”’ excludes the Bithynian Ascanios and its lake as well as the $.E. Phrygian Ascanios and its lake on the Meander. It is also significant that the chief town of the Parth-ini tribe in Macedonia, already referred to in connection with Brutus, was called ‘‘ Use-ana,” and the river on the border of Epirus was the Axtus (S. 328 &c.). And there was a Sceaw Wall and Sc@a Gates at Troy (5. 590).