The science of life : fully illustrated in tone and line and including many diagrams

I—V

Tropical forest, life in, 544

Tropisms, 680

Trout, 536, 609, 727

Trypanosomes, 556, 568

Tsetse fly, 612, 628, 629

Tuatera, 469

Tuberculosis, of, 568, 625

Tube-worm, eye of the, 669, 669

Tubifex, 535

Tulip, 379

Turbot, 226

Turkestan, 540

Turtle, 113, 449, 452; an abnormally developed, 316

Twins, 338

Tylenchus scandens, 140

‘Typhlomolge, 551

Typhoid fever, 218, 631; and oysters, 640; bacillus of, 568, 622

Typhus fever, 628

Typotheres, 240, 475, 471

Tyrannosaurus, 459, 467, 449, 564

U UGA PUGILATOR, 329 Ultramicroscopic organisms, 185186 Ultramicroscopic particles, size of, 96

657-658 ; bacillus

Ultra-violet light, 186, 646, 651, 652 ; and vitamins, 639

Umbilical cord, 96, 96

Unconscious, the, 795-798

Unguiculates, 107

Ungulates, 110, 107, 471

Universe, scale of the, 391-393

Upper Cambrian period, 419

— Carboniferous period, 437

— Devonian period, 436, 441, 442

— Egypt, 483

— Jurassic period, 455, 452

— Silurian period, 416

Uranium, 255, 256

Ureter, 45, 91, 92

Urinary organs, 45

Urine, 45

Use, moulding power of, 320; and disease, in evolution, 354; in the developing embryo, 319 ~

Ussher, Archbishop, 198

Uterus, 92, 93, 94, 97, 92

Vv VACCINATION, 630, 631 Vagina, 92 Vagus nerve, the, 722 Vallisneria, 538 Vanadium, 379 Vancouver, 490 Vanua Levu, 610 Varanus, 453, 468, 564 Variation, 350, 359; and inherited, 287-290; in plants, 363. See Mutation — local, 373-377; in apes, 859; in man, 863-864 Variation, failures of, 377-379 Vas deferens, 334 Vegetables, value of green, 639 ; contamination of, 640 Vegetarianism, 635 Vegetation, belts of, 593 Veins, 36, 37, 38, 39

accidental

Printed by Hazell, Watson

INDEX

Velella, 520

Vendace, 375

Venereal disease, 633, 815, 836

Ventricles of heart, 37, 38

Venus’ Flower-basket, 524

Venus’ girdle, 152

Vertebral column, 24

Vertebrates, 105-119, 423, 456, 565; behaviour of the lower, 720-735 ; characteristics of, 107; classes of, 109; contrasted with arthropods, 120;

evolution of, 408, 422-425, 437-442, 447-461, 465-467, 470-475, 481-495, 420, 475, 499 ; flying,

Vespa. See Wasps

Vestiges, 220-299

Vestigial limbs, 220, 221

— organs in man, 253, 254

— — as evidence for evolution, 220-229

Vetch, 558

Viceroy butterfly, 573

Vienna, 632

Vill, 55

Vinciguerria, 521

Vinegar bacteria, 183

Viola tricolor, 378

Virgin reproduction, 274

Virus diseases, 185-186, 625-626

Viscera, 92

Vital energy, source of, 21-22

Vitamins, 514, 636-639

Viti Levu, 610

Vivisection, 14, 775

Vizcacha, 236, 238

Volcano of Krakatoa, 584

Volvox, 404, 674

Von Baer, 223, 224

Von Frisch, 711, 714, 715, 716, 718

Von Humboldt, Baron (1767-1835), 799

Voronoff, Serge, 90, 102, 330, 335

Vorticella, 402, 567

Vulpes, 231; V. vulpes, 231; V. zerda, 231. See Fox

Vulture, 669

W

WaAIToMO CAvEs, New Zealand, 552

Wales, 491

Wallaby, 237

Wallace, Alfred Russel (1823-1919), 242, 263, 544

Walnut, 590

Walrus, 111, 548

War, the supersession of, 871-872

Warble-fly, 556

Warblers, courtship of, 737

Warfare, primitive, 870-871

Warning coloration, 572

Wart-hog, 236, 474

Wasmann, 707

Wasps, 575, 695-697 ; solitary, 695-697 Water, as habitat, 502; contam-

ination of, 648 ; importance of, to organisms, 47; life in fresh, 531, 553 3 life in salt, 508-51e ; supply, and disease, 554, 623 Water-beetle, 534; larva of, 532, 534 Water-flea, 351, 408, 566 Water-lily, 534

F200-1130

Water-measurer, 534 Water-plantain, 587

Water-plants, early, 403 Water-scorpion, 534

Water-snail, 146

Water-spider, 534

Water-weed, Canadian, 364 Watson, Dr. J. B., 787, 788, 789,

799

Weasel, 111, 471

Weather and bacteria, 625

Weights of living things, 562-568

Weismann, August (1834-1914), 264, 280, 355

West Indies, 152

Whale, 7, 111, 112, 474, 514, 519, 549; Greenland Right, 220; sulphur-bottom, 564; whalebone, 504, 471

Whalebone, 112, 504

Whale-shark, 564

Wheat, 303, 304, 614, 615

Wheel-animalcules, 142, 567

Whelk, 131, 132

Whirligig beetles, 534

White Admiral butterfly, 573

White ants, 707-709, 709

— melilot, 587

Wholemeal bread, value of, 636

Whooping cough, 631

Wight, Isle of, 469

Williamsonia, 462

Willow, 586, 591

Windpipe, 40

Winkle, 131

Winton, Prof. W. M., 256

Wohler, 6

Wolf, 548, 471; European, 231, 232 ; maned, 231, 234; marsupial, 237 ; range of the, 231, 232; timber, 232

Wombat, 237, 235

Wood-ants, 701

Woodcock, 570

Woodlouse, 413, 542

Woodpecker, 378; North American, 23

Word-blindness, 769

Word-deafness, 769

Worms, 137, 138, 139, 140, I41, 142; evolution of, 406; eyes of, 667 ; flat, 140; intelligence in, 677; marine, 138, 145; nemertine, 142 ; parasitic, 139 ; round, 138; segmented, 406

Wren, common, 571, 737 :

Wrens, geographical variation in,

/

Wo ae Bad Lands of, 202 Wyville-Thomson ridge, 488, 489 Y

YEAST, 174, 176

Yellow fever, 612, 629 ** Yeoman ** wheat, 304 Ypsipetes trifasciata, 361 Yucca, 464, 692

Li ZEBRA, I10, 203, 236, 377, 235 Zeuglodont, 474, 471 Zoaea larva, 513 Zones of the sea, 509 Zoophyta, 149 Zostera, 538 Zygote, 273

& Viney, Ltd., London and A ylesbury,