Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu

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АНАЛИ ПРАВНОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА

помощи развивающимся странам является обязанностью всех держав. Уменьшение различий между развитыми и недостаточно развитыми странами является путем к укреплению дружеских отношений между народами, без чего немыслимы ни прочный мир ни безопасность в мире. SUMMARY Sovereign equality of the states in the international community Equality is one of the essential rights that the states have and one of the basic principles of international law. It could have had its full application in the times of selfsufficency of national economy's, when the states could have lived completely independent from each other. But, during the 19th centary the stronger states openly imposed their will to the weaker ones, so that equality was present only in their mutual relations. The question became actual, when the inter dependence between the states created the necessity for the establishment of international organisations. Each state became member bringing her characteristics and her own conception of equality. At the same time, the old conceptions of great powers were preserved, and that can be seen in the United Nations. The constitutions of international organisations declare equality as one of the basic principles, and they include a series of instructions on how to assure the equality of rights and dutys of all the members. They also contain considerable recedings from these principles, justifying that by the necessity for greater expeditivnes, but that as consequance creates leading roles for a small number of states. For one of the means by which equality can be acheeved is taken the unanimity in bringing a decidion. But, that is made imposible in the universal organisations and practicaly it becomes an obstruction for the functioning of the organisation. Because of that, in the United Nations this is provided only for the Security council and even than only for the permanent members. But that also was an obstacle for the work of OUN. It is in general interest to recede from in the law of treaties and today there are more and more treaties that have influence over the third side also. The solution of this problem does not lie in the strict respecting of the unanimity but in the creation of democratic relations within the international community. That will be made possible only if helping the underdeveloped countries is understood as a duty in the general interest. Diminution of difference between the developed and underdeveloped countries is the way for the strengthening of friendly relations between nations and without that there will be no permanent peace and security in the world. RÉSUMÉ L'égalité et l’égalité des droits des états dans la communauté internationale L’égalité est un des droits fondamentaux des Etats et un des principes fondamentaux du droit international. Son application intégrale a pu être réalisée à l’époque de l’autosuffisance des économies nationales, quand les Etats pouvaient vivre entièrement indépendants les une des autres. Cependant, les Etats les plus puissants au cours du XIXe siècle imposaient ouvertement leur volonté aux autres, de sorte que l’égalité était représentée seulement dans leurs rapports mutuels.