Jugoslovenski Rotar

та iskorišćavanje prirodnih sila naveli su stanovnike tih krajeva još u davna vremena na ideju da koristeći se tim „belim usljenom* izgrade svoje tipične vodenice, a za pogon mlinskog kamenja.

Kola koja se tu teraju snagom vode, u naéelu potpuno odgovaraju modernim turbinama sa vertikalnim osovinama. Energija potrebna za teranje jednoga vitla na tim уоdenicama obično iznosi oko dvije konjske

snage. mlinu

Izgradnja same kućice ı naprava u veoma je primitivna. To su pretežno čiste drvenjare — kako to ı odgovara šumskom karakteru zemlje — izvedene po domaćim majstorima — dunđerima —, ali unatoé tome te „hidrocentrale“ besprekorno funkcionišu ı rade automatski gotovo bez ikakvog nadzora iz godine u godinu, u koliko mali vodostaj koji put ne zapreči njinov rad.

Ti mlinovi, ako su „starinski“, t. J. iz davnina, rade bez naročite koncesije, a za novo podignute mora sopstvenik tražiti dozvolu nadležne hidrotehničke jer takve mlinice znaju Često biti od štete za općenitost, naročito ako vlasnik mora u koritu vo-

dotoka podizati kakove umetne naprave —

vlasti

9

commonsense and the understanding to turn to one’s use the natural forces induced the inhabitant of those regions to take advantage of this white coal“ and to build the typical water mills, turning mill stones. The wheels turned by water power correspond in principle to the modern turbines with vertical axles. The energy required for driving of one wheel in these water mills is usually about two horse-power. The building of the house and the whole apparatus in the mill is very simple. For the most part these mills are built of wood — which is in accorthe forest character of the country — and the builders are usually native artisans, yet these „water power sta-

dance with

stions“ are working automatically from year to year without any supervision, in as much as the low level of water does not prohibit them from running.

These mills, if they date from olden times, are working without any concession, but for the new ones the owners have to obtain the permission of the competent hydrotechnical authorities, as this kind of mills may often bring disadvantage to the community, especially if the owner has to build artificial structures like dikes etc. in the river bed which may become the cause of inundations during the periods of rising waters.

The owners of these mills have usually built them for their own requirements, but in as much as they are working for other people, they do not take the remuneration in money, but in kind, i. e. they get a certain percentage of the flour, ground from the grain and the mais. There are also many mills which belong te several associates, the owners having the right to run them for half a turn, full turn, two turns etc., in accordance with their shares in the ownership. How honest the people are in these parts, may be best seen from the fact that these mills are in most cases running day and night without any attendance, yet cases of thieving are уегу rare, as they would cast aspersion on the character of the whole community, although the poeple like the mill owners themselves live in very miserable conditions, yet they would not commit a