Anali Pravnog fakulteta u Beogradu

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АНАЛИ ПРАВНОГ ФАКУЛТЕТА

SUMMARY Some theoretical and practical problems of determining the minimum earnings of workers The development so far of the economic literature in our country has not led to the, solution of the problem concerning the determining ot the minimum basis (bottom limit) of eamigs of workers. There is an explanation for this in the theoretical presumptions which are the starting point in the analysis of the structure of earnings. The possibility of its divison-into the basic (minimum) earnings and »surplus product« is caused by the simple presumption that, in the socialistic commodity production, labour power does not have the character of a commodity. Having that in mind, a logical conclusion can be drawn that earnings represent an uniform, indivisible, homogenous entity. It means that the quantitative side of the minimum earnings of employed persons is not fixed and determined in advance. From the formal logical point, the problem can be solved in this way, but only by ignoring the economic reasons and social determinants on which depends the necessity and real need for determinining the minimum material basis for reproduction of subjects in the process of production. The fact that labour power ins not a commodity in socialistic economy and on the other side the permanent attempts in practice to determine impartially and economically its normal reproduction, do not contradict any of the fundamental principles of socialistic production relations. Thus, there is a series of theoretical and practical reasons to determine, in the basic distribution of earnings into the individual elements, the minimum level of earnings under which the normal reproduction of worker and his family cannot and may not descend regardless of any circumstances. Only in dependence on that dimension (adequatly determined amount of life expenses) it is possible to define the essence of the material and social certainty of workers. Without that, there is a danger that the division of the minimum earnings from the reamaining part of the new produced value is based on insufficiently objective measures.

RÉSUMÉ Quelques problèmes théoriques et pratiques de la détermination du plus bas revenu personnel Le développement de la bibliographie économique qui avait eu lieu iusau’à présent chez nous n’a pas abouti à la résolution du problème de la détermination du plus bas revenu du travailleur (limite inférieure). L’explication de ce fait se trouve dans les prémisses théoriques qui servent de point de départ dans l'analyse de la structure du revenu. La possibilité de sa divison en revenu personnel de base (minimum) et »surplus du produit« est la conséquence de ce qu’on suppose simplement que dans la production marcande socialiste la main d’oeuvrè n’a pas le caractère de marchandise. Et en prenant cela en considération, alors, logiquement, on arrive à la conclusion que le revenu represente un tout unique, indivisible, homogène. Cela signifie que dans le revenu n'est pas fixée d’avance ni déterminée la partie quantitative du plus bas revenu personnel des personnes employées. Formellement et logiquement il est possible de résoudre ce problème, mais seulement si tant est que l’on ne tient pas compte des raisons économiques et des déterminantes sociales dont dépendent la nécessité et le besoin réel de fixer la base matérielle la plus basse de la reproduction des facteurs subjetifs du processus de travail.